Abstract

The paper explores European households' adoption of and attitudes towards different elements of digital finance, focusing on internet banking, cryptocurrencies and a central bank digital currency (CBDC). Using data from various houshold surveys, the paper further relates these elements to households' socioeconomic characteristics, and their income and wealth, aiming to understand how these factors influence engagement with digital financial services. The findings reveal disparities in both the adoption of and attitudes towards digital financial services across different income and wealth groups, highlighting the interrelationships of the digital economy with financial inclusion and economic inequality.