Abstract

Manufacturing has undergone several eras of change from the first industrial revolution - use of steam power and mechanical production, to the second - use of electricity and mass production and a third era - defined by increased automation of manufacturing process due to the use of Information Technology (IT). A fourth ear of change - Industry 4.0 - is driven by trends on connectivity, service orientation, advanced materials and processing technologies, and collaborative advanced manufacturing networks; networks of advanced manufacturing devices controlled by computers combining them into a physical-digital environment. Industry 5.0 is about augmenting that digital transformation with a more meaningful and efficient collaboration between humans and the machines and systems within their digital ecosystem. According to the European Union Industry 5.0 - it complements Industry 4.0 approach by "specifically putting research and innovation at the service of the transition to sustainable, human-centric and resilient European Industry".

There are arguments that Industry 5.0 describes important details of implementation of Industry 4.0 rather revolution. Industry 5.0 does not so much represent yet another Industrial Revolution but rather serves to augment Industry 4.0 technologies by strengthening the collaboration between humans and robots. The fifth revolution is about connecting people with robots and making them work together. The fourth revolution started around 2010 and changed the way companied functioned. Many companies were able to replace humans with robots. Many business have been influenced by Industry 4.0 so far. Some still adapt to the technologies that Industry 4.0 has brought.

Now the focus is on Industry 5.0 as one of the top trends in industrial manufacturing in 2022. Simply put, Industry 5.0 is the reintroduction of humans and machines into the industrial structure. Here humans and machines reconcile and collaborate to benefit new production efficiencies. Companies that are only starting to adopt to Industry 4.0 may find themselves in the middle of this new industrial revolution.

Industry 4.0 is built on nine technology pillars
Big Data and Analytics, Horizontal and Vertical Integration, Cloud Computing, Augmented Reality (AR), Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT), Additive Manufacturing, Autonomous Robots, Digital Twins and Cybersecurity.

The central pillars of Industry 5.0 are
A human-centric industry promotes talents, diversity and empowerment.
A sustainable industry leads action on sustainability and respects planetary boundaries.
Industrial production in a resilient industry is agile and resilient with flexible and adaptable technology.

The Industrial sector overall improved human's life by developing technologies and make better ways of working. However, industrialization is related to environmental pollution. This is why it is important to create smart manufacturing with focus on sustainability and reducing greenhouse gas emission. Manufacturing can change Industry 5.0 by combining cognitive computing capabilities with human intellect and resourcefulness in collaborative operations.

In summary, Industry 5.0 ensures the best drivers from the Industry 4.0 to get strengthened and get augmented with the element of control, reconfiguration, and realignment, in the large picture of stakeholders of the organization, the society, and the human existence in the larger scope.