Abstract

In an increasingly digitalized world, data have become a significant asset. Data play a crucial role in aligning production processes, optimizing supply chains, and developing new business areas. Major technology companies such as Amazon, Facebook, Apple, and Google generate substantial profits through data utilization. Recognizing its growing importance, the current revision of the United Nations System of National Accounts recommends incorporating data as an asset into the gross domestic product (GDP).
In response to these developments, the Federal Statistical Office is exploring the feasibility of quantifying investments in data as part of an EU-funded study. Currently, there are no statistical data available for Germany regarding data production and trading. However, the Federal Statistical Office has produced several experimental results using the calculation model recommended by the United Nations, which is based on the sum of cost approach. This model assumes that investments in data represent the sum of all data produced domestically for internal use, along with the net balance of purchased and sold data. The limitations and weaknesses of the recommended calculation model are also demonstrated, highlighting the challenges of integrating it into GDP and national accounts.