Abstract

This study examines the impact of global population growth and per capita income on total energy consumption through probabilistic analysis. Utilizing United Nations population projections and ARIMA models, we forecast global energy demand up to 2050, with a focus on renewable energy sources. The findings reveal significant regional disparities and highlight the necessity of strategic renewable energy investments to address the projected population growth. Our results indicate that renewable energy's share in total primary energy will exceed 50% globally by 2050, underscoring the importance of effective energy policies.