Abstract

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia has significantly decreased over the past 10 years, from 346 to 189 per 100,000 live births, representing a 45 percent reduction. This decrease reflects improvements in healthcare accessibility and quality. The study focuses on household characteristics and regional factors affecting maternal mortality with using data from the 2020 Long Form Population Census (LF PC2020) and the 2021 Village Potential (PODES 2021) survey. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted with variables including head of household education, head of household age, number of household members, hospital-to-population ratio, electricity availability in villages, community waste disposal behavior, environmental pollution issues, natural disaster occurrence, and village transportation access. The results indicate that maternal mortality is more likely to occur in households where the head has low education (elementary school or below), the head has under 19 years old, and has many family members. Regionally, it includes areas with a low hospital-to-population ratio, no electricity, a tendency for improper waste disposal, environmental pollution issues, natural disaster experiences, and poor transportation access. This study highlights the importance of improving education, healthcare infrastructure, and service accessibility to reduce MMR.